Tank



Dec. 1,3, 1938. i G, RAYMOND ET AL 2,139,914

TANK Filed July 20, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 l Hl Il' l l v 68 3%9'12 I i l 3 '111 L l /9 4 6? T- 7 7; h 5 7 7X l 4 l Z? Z3 V- 3 ,Z

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ATTORNEY G. RAYMOND ET AL Dec. 13, 1938.

TANK

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 20, 1956 d 9/0 /////l 9 V/ TORS yam/1 RNV .gl/70@ ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 13, 1938 UNE'E'E STTES ATE? iwi@ TANK Gwynne Raymond and Lee E. Young, Oklahoma City, Okla., assignors to Black, Sivalls & Bryson, Inc., Oklahoma City, Okla., a corporation of Maine A'ppiication July zo, 1936, serial No. 91,500

10 Claims. (Cl. 217-4) This invention relates to tanks, and particularthe lower deck, except that cooperage strips I'i ly to those for containing corrosive fluids under are inserted between the adjacent edges of the differential internal and external pressures. centermost boards, the dowels in these joints Tanks of this character may be constructed of being omitted. wood or similar materials not affected by the cor- The staves composing the side wall 2 are rel.5

roding or disintegrating influence of the contained in sealing relation with each other and tained liquids, but it is essential that metallic secured against the heads by encircling tie rods parts be incorporated in the wood construction or hoops I8 as shown in Fig. 1. The upper ends to enable the tank to withstand the differential of the staves are encircled by a nat band i9 that if) pressures. The metal parts contained within driven over the ends thereof, as shown in Fig. l. 10

the tank must, therefore, be sealed against eX- The tank construction thus far described ccnposure to the corrosive fluids. For these reasons forms to that of a conventional tank constructed construction and assembly of this type of tank of staves, however, in tanks of large diameter, have been made difficult. such as are used in storing petroleum, it is neces- 5 It is, therefore, the principal object ofthe pressary to provide means for supportingly spacing 15 ent invention to provide a composite tank conand tying the centers of the heads and to retain struction wherein the metal parts are effectively the heads in their proper relation when differensealed from the corrcding or disintegrating eftial pressures occur between the interior or exfects of the contained fluids and which may be terior of the tank. For example, when the tanks readily assembled in a facile manner. contain petroleum oils under pressure, the pres- 2O In accomplishing this and other objects oi the sure acts to cause bulging of the heads in an outinvention, we have provided improved details ward direction, and when the tank is being of structure, the preferred form of which is ilemptied of oil should the vent fail to act, or when lustrated in the accompanying drawings, Wherethe oil contracts because of low temperature, in; the pressure drops therein below the external 25 Fig. 1 is a perspective View of a tank embodypressure, causing the heads to buckle inwardly ing the features of the present invention, a part unless means is provided for supporting the heads of the tank wall being broken away to show the in their propel lelatiOn.

supporting tying-in structure between the heads The interior of the tank is, therefore, provided of the tank. with shoring which, in the illustrated instance, 30

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the tank comprises pairs of posts 20, 2 I, 22 and 23, having on the line 2--2, Fig. 1. their lower ends supported on footing plates 2,

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary section Z5, 25 and 2i respectively, that engage against through the upper and lower portions of the tank the upper face of the lower head and extend adjacent the side wall thereof, particularly iltransversely across the width of the boards I2, 35 lustrating tying of the shoring to the tank heads. as best shown in Fig. l, the posts being arranged Fig. 4 is a section on the line lll-4 of Fig. 3. on opposite diametrical sides oi the tank, and in Fig. 5 is a disassembled perspective view of the planes parallel with a plane passing through the stringers, shoring and footing plates. center of the tank. The upper ends of the posts Referring more in detail to the drawings: support stringers 28 and 29 which are shown as 40 I designates a tank constructed in accordance comprising flat planks having their ends resting with the present invention, and which includes UDCH the pafS 0f DOSS and their upper SurfaceS a circular side wall 2 formed by a plurality of engagingly supporting the head iii. vertical staves 3 having transverse notches l and The shoring structure thus described is tied to 5, adjacent their ends, forming peripheral grooves the heads of the tank by means of stud bolts 3E! .45 6 and l, and in which the peripheral edges 8 and and t! for the ends of each of the respective 9 of upper and lower heads ID and I I are seated. posts. In accordance with the present invention The lower head II constitutes the floor or botthe stud bolts are completely insulated from the tom of the tank, and is made up of a plurality of fluids contained in the tank by shielding them boards I2 having their edges I3 and i4 arranged in the interior of the Wooden parts which they-.5,0

in sealing contact and provided with dowels I5 connect, 'and are so mounted therein as to facilifor retaining the upper and lower surfaces of tate assembly of the tank, as hereinafter dethe boards in the same relative plane. The upscribed. per head I0 constitutes the roof or upper deck of The lower stud bolts 3| have their upper ends the tank and is made up of boards I6, similar to extending through axial bores 32 provided in the ,155

bottom ends of the posts to threadedly connect with anchor members 33 that are mounted in transverse openings 34 extending transversely through the posts at points spaced from the lower 5 ends thereof. The anchor memb-ers are preferably formed of metal and of substantially cylindrical shape to closely iit within the openings 34, but are of shorter length than the thickness of the posts so that the ends 35 and 36 thereof are l spaced from the adjacent side faces 31 and 38 and provide recesses 39 and 49 into which insulating plugs 4| and 42 are driven to seal the anchoring members from contact with the contents of the tank, the plugs 4I and 42 being pref- 15 erably wedged within the recesses and further sealed by a suitable cement impervious to corrosive action of the fluid.

The anchoring members 33 are provided with threadedsockets 43, aligning with the bores 32, to engage the threaded ends 44 of the stud bolts 3&3. The lower ends 45 of the studs extend through aligning openings 4B and 41 in the respective footing members and in the underlying floor boards l2 respectively, the openings 4E being of sucient diameter to accommodate nuts 48 that are threaded on the stud bolts, but the openings 41 are of suitable size to snugly iit the stud bolts, thereby providing shoulders 49 for seating washers 55 that are clampingly retained against the floor boards by the nuts 46.

The stud bolts 30 are similarly mounted in axial bores i in the upper ends of the posts and have threaded ends 52 threadedly engaging in the sockets of similar anchor members 53 located in transverse openings 54 of the posts. The upper ends of the stud bolts project through aligning openings 55 and 55 in the stringers 28 and 29 and in the overlying boards of the roof deck respectively. The bolts are of suiiicient length to project a material distance from the boards, and are provided with threads to mount nuts 51 which retain washers 58 thereon in clamping engagement with the roof board and to effect drawing of the boards against the stringers 28 and 29, and the stringers' tightly against the upper ends of the posts. To further enhance the seal at the ends of the posts a suitable tank cement is applied thereon prior to drawing up of the stud bolts.

The structure thus far described provides supports to prevent inward buckling of the tank heads under external pressures, and in order to prevent outward buckling of the heads when the internal pressures exceed the external pressures, the lower stud bolts 3| project through openings 59 in clamping plates 6D that cooperate with footing plates to clamp the lower head therebetween when nuts 6| are threaded on the stud bolts, as shown in Fig. 3.

The nuts 5| include washer-like ange portions 52 having prongs or spurs 63 for projection into the body of the clamping plates to prevent rotation of the nuts when the stud bolts are drawn up in the assembly of the tank, as later described.

Cooperating with the stringers 28 and 29 are clamping stringers B4 and 65 that extend transversely across the outer surfaces of the roof boards, and which are provided with counterbored openings 66 extending therethrough to allow projection of the upper ends of the stud bolts and to accommodate the nuts 51.

In order to anchor the clamping stringers, the free endsy of the stud bolts are provided with washers 61 and clamping nuts 68, as best shown in Fig. 3. The stringers are of sucient length to extend substantially across the tank, and the outer or unsupported ends thereof are clamped together and to the roof boards by stud bolts 59 which extend through aligning openings 10, 'il and 12 in the ends of the stringers and roof board respectively, the ends of the stud bolts being threaded and provided with washers and nuts 13 and 14. The nuts 15 on the interior of the tank preferably are of non-corrosive material and are of cap form to protect the stud bolt from the corroding inuence of the liquid in the tank.`

With the construction thus described it is clearly obvious that the stud bolts are completely shielded from the corrosive action of the fluid since they are completely closed within the parts which they connect. They also permit of ready assembly of the tank, as now to be described.

in assembling the tank, the iioor boards having the openings 41 are turned'on edge and the nuts 48 are run onto the studs 3i a sufcient distance to accommodate the boards and clamping plates, and to allow suicient projection for accommodating the nuts 6l.

The stud bolts are then projected through the openings in the planks and openings 59 in the bottom clamping plates.l The nuts 6i are then applied to the projecting ends of the stud bolts, after which the nuts 48 are drawn tightly against the head to cause the prongs on the nuts 6l to be drawn into the clamping plates, thereby preventing rotation of the nuts 5I. r

The footing plates are then applied so that the openings 46 therein pass over the nuts 48 to lie crosswise of the flooring boards. rIhe openings 45 are then iilled over the nuts with tank cement. The anchoring members 33 are then inserted in the openings of the posts and the posts are slid longitudinally onto the stud bolts. The lower ends of the posts are then smeared With tank cement and the threaded ends of the stud bolts are caused to engage in the threaded sockets or the anchoring members. The posts are then rotated to tighten the ends thereof rigidly against the footing plates. The recesses 39 and iii are then closed by the plugs 4i and 42 and tank cement. The posts are then up-ended, laying the bottom board flat. The anchor members 53 are then inserted in the transverse openings 54 at the upper ends of the posts, and the stud bolts 39 are inserted in the axial bores 5i to threadedly engage in the sockets of the anchoring members. The top of the post is then smeared with tank cement and the inner stringers 29 and 29 are applied to the upper ends of the posts so that the stud bolts project through the openings 55 there- The roof boards are then put in place on the stringers. The Washers 58 are then inserted over the projecting ends ofv the stud bolts to bear against the roof boards, after which the nuts 51 are applied and screwed tightly against the washers to draw the ends of the posts into sealing contact With the stringers 28 and 29. The clamping stringers 64 and 65 are then mounted on the tank, after which the washers 61 and nuts t8 are applied to draw them into cooperative clamping contact with the roof boards. may then be applied to complete the assembly of the stringers. The recesses in the ends of the anchoring members are then closed by the plugs and tank cement, in the same manner as previously described in connection with the lower anchor members 33. the staves composing the wall 2 may be assembled around the peripheral edges thereof and The stud bolts 69V After assembly of the heads Y' secured in position by the hoops, as in conventional practice.

From the foregoing, it is obvious that the shoring which includes the pairs of posts is readily assembled, and is effective in meeting both internal and external pressures. t is also obvious that the metal parts composing the ties are hermetically sealed from the contents of the tank.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A tank for containing corrosive iiuid under pressures varying above and below pressures exteriorly of the tank, including a side wall and upper and lower heads formed of material resistive to the corrosive action of the fluid, a footing member supported on the lower head, a post having its lower end mounted on said footing member, a Stringer supported on the upper end of the post and supportingly engaging the upper head, said footing member, post and stringer being formed of material resistive to the corrosive action of the fluid, clamping members located exteriorly of the heads and respectively cooperating with the footing member and stringer for clampingly engaging the heads, individual metallic tying means, means enclosingly anchoring the tying means in the respective ends of the post, clamping means respectively enclosed by the upper clamping member and by the footing member and engaging the tying means for retaining the footing member and Stringer in sealing contact with the ends of the post, and means on the tying means for drawing the clamping members into clamping engagement with said heads.

2. A support for the upper and lower heads of a tank including a post having axial bores extending inwardly from the ends of the post and terminating in intersecting transverse bores, said post and heads being formed of material resistive to corrosive action of fluid contained in the tank, anchoring members in the transverse bores, stud bolts in the axial bores and having ends connected with the anchoring members, means for fclosing the transverse bores to prevent contact of the anchoring members with iiuid contained in the tank, and means connecting the stud bolts with heads of the tank.

3. A support for the upper and lower heads of a tank including a post having axial bores extending inwardly from the ends of the post and terminating in intersecting transverse bores, anchoring membersin the transverse bores, stud bolts in the axial bores and having ends connected with the anchoring members, means for closing the transverse bores to prevent contact of the anchoring members with fluid contained in the tank, a footing member inserted between the lower end of the post and the lower head and having an opening to pass the stud bolt at the lower end of the post, a Stringer carried by the upper end of the post and having an opening for passing the stud bolt at the upper end of the post, and means for anchoring the stud bolts to the upper and lower heads of the tank, said heads, post, footing member and stringer being formed of material resistive to corrosive action of fluid contained in the tank to protect the anchoring members and stud bolts from corrosion by said fluid.

4. A support for the upper and lower heads of a tank including a post having axial bores extending inwardly from the ends of the post and terminating in intersecting bores extending transversely through the post, anchoring members in the transverse bores, means for closing the ends of the transverse bores', stud .bolts in the' axial bores and having connection with the anchoring members, a footing member inserted between the lower end of the post and the lower head and having an opening to pass the stud bolt at the lower end of the post, a nut on said lower stud bolt enclosed in said opening for engaging against the lower head, means on the stud bolt for engaging under the head to draw the post into sealing Contact with the footing member and the footing member against said head, a Stringer supported on the upper end of the post and having an opening to pass the stud bolt at that end of the post, and a nut on the upper stud bolt engaging the outer face of the upper head to draw the head against the Stringer and the stringer against the upper end of the post, said heads, post, footing member and Stringer being formed of material resistive to corrosive action of iiuid contained in the tank for shielding the anchoring members, stud bolts and nuts from said corrosive action of the iiuid,

5. A support for the upper and lower heads of a tank including a post having axial bores extending inwardly from the ends of the post and intersecting transverse bores in the post, anchoring members in the transverse bores, stud bolts in the axial bores and having ends connected with the anchoring members and their opposite ends extending through openings in said heads, means for closing the transverse bores to protect the anchoring members from the corrosive effects of fluid contained in the tank, a footing member inserted between the lower end of the post and the 1 lower head and having an opening to pass the stud bolt at that end of the post, a nut on the stud bolt enclosed in said opening for engaging against the lower head, a clamping member engaging against the under face of the head and having an opening for passing the stud bolt, a nut on the stud bolt for engaging the clamping member and cooperating with the rst named nut to draw the clamping member to the lower head and the lower end of the post against the footing member, a Stringer carried by the upper end of the post and having an o-pening to pass the stud bolt at the upper end of the post, a nut on said upper stud bolt for drawing the head against the Stringer and the stringer against the upper end of the post, a clamping stringer engaging the opposite side of the upper head and having an opening for passing the upper stud bolt, and a nut on the upper stud bolt for drawing the clamping Stringer against the upper head, said heads, post, footing member and first-named Stringer being formed of material resistive to corrosive action of fluid contained in the tank for shielding the anchoring members, stud bolts and nuts from said corrosive action of the fluid.

6. A support for the upper and lower heads of a tank including a post having bores extending inwardly from the ends of the post and intersecting transverse bores in the post, anchoring members in the transverse bores, stud bolts in the inwardly extending bores and having ends connected with the anchoring members and their opposite ends extending through openings in said heads, means for closing the transverse bores to protect the anchoring members from the corrosive effects of fluid contained in the tank, a footing member inserted between the lower end of the post and the lower head and having an opening to pass a stud bolt, a nut on the stud bolt enclosed in said opening for engaging against the lower head, a cement filling said opening over the nut, a clamping member engaging against the under face of the head and having an opening for passing the stud bolt, a nut on the stud bolt for engaging the clamping member and cooperating with the rst named nut to draw the ,clamping member to the lower head and the lower end of the post against the footing member, a stringer carried by the upper end of the post and having an opening to pass the stud bolt at the upper end of the post, a nut on said upper stud bolt for drawing the head against the Stringer and the stringer against the upper end of the post, a clamping vstringer engaging the opposite side of the upper head and having an opening for passing the upper stud bolt, and a nut on the upper stud bolt for drawing the clamping stringer against the upper head, said heads, post, footing member and first-named stringer being formed of material resistive to corrosive action of uid contained in the tank for shielding the anchoring members, stud bolts and nuts from said corrosive action of the fluid.

7. A support for the upper and lower heads of a tank including spaced posts having bores eX- tending inwardly from the ends of the posts and terminating in intersecting transverse bores, anchoring members in the transverse bores, stud bolts in the inwardly extending bores and having ends connected with the anchoring members, means for closing the transverse bores to prevent contact of the anchoring members with fluid contained in the tank, footing members inserted between the lower ends of the posts and the lower head and having openings to pass the stud bolts at the lower ends of the posts, a Stringer carried by the upper ends of the posts and having openings for passing the stud bolts at the upper ends of the posts, and means for anchoring the stud bolts to the upper and lower heads of the tank, said posts, footing members and Stringer being formed of material resistive to the corrosive action of the fluid to protect the anchoring mem- Y bers and stud bolts from contact by the fluid.

8. A tank for containing corrosive fluid under pressures varying above and below pressures eX- teriorly of the tank, including a side wall andV upper and lower heads formed of material resistive to the corrosive action of the uid, footing members having faces contacting the inner and outer faces of the lower head, posts having ends shaped to provide non-leakable contact with the inner footing members, stud bolts enclosingly anchored within the ends of said posts and having shanks extending through the footing members and said lower head, nuts threaded on the Shanks for engaging thelower footing members, cooperative nuts covered by the inner footing members to engage the surfaces of the lower heads and cooperating with the first named nuts to anchor the post to the lower head whereby the post is retained in non-leakable contact with the footing members and the footing members against said lower head to complete a non-leakable seal about the stud bolts and nuts, and means for anchoring the upper ends of the posts to the upper head.

9. A tank for containing corrosive fluid underA pressures varying above and below pressures ex,- teriorly of the tank, including a side wall and upper and lower heads formed of material resistive to the corrosive action of the uid contained in the tank, footing members extending f across and having non-leakable contact with the inner and outer faces of the lower head, posts mounted on the inner footing members and having ends shaped to provide non-leakable contact with the inner footing members, individual tying means sealingly anchored within the ends of the posts and extending through aligning openings in the footing members and said lower head, means on the tying means for engaging said outer footing member, cooperative means completely l enclosed in the openings of the inner footing members engaging the inner surface of the lower head and cooperating with the rst named engaging means to anchor the posts and to maintain said non-leakable contacts, and means for anchoring the upper ends of the posts to the upper head.

l0. In a tank formed of material resistive to corrosive action of fluid contained in the tank under pressures differential from pressures eX- teriorly of the tank, a support formed of similar material including a member having axial bores extending inwardly from the ends of said member and terminating in intersecting transverse bores, metallic anchor members in the transverse bores, stud bolts in the axial bores and having ends connected with the anchoring members, means closing the transverse bores to prevent contact of the anchoring members with the iiuid contained in the tank, and means insulatingly connecting the stud bolts with the tank.

GWYNNE RAYMOND. LEE E. YOUNG. 

